primary

Jobs to be Done (JTBD)

for Activities of call centres (ISIC 8220)

Industry Fit
9/10

The JTBD framework is exceptionally relevant for the 'Activities of call centres' industry. The industry is characterized by high customer interaction, facing strong pressure for differentiation, increased customer expectations, and the need to move beyond commoditized services. Traditional...

Strategy Package · Customer Understanding

Use together to discover unmet needs and prioritise what customers value most.

Why This Strategy Applies

A methodology for understanding the functional, emotional, and social 'job' a customer is truly trying to get done, which leads to innovation opportunities.

GTIAS pillars this strategy draws on — and this industry's average score per pillar

PM Product Definition & Measurement
CS Cultural & Social
MD Market & Trade Dynamics

These pillar scores reflect Activities of call centres's structural characteristics. Higher scores indicate greater complexity or risk — see the full scorecard for all 81 attributes.

What this industry needs to get done

functional Underserved 8/10

When my call centre is seen as a commodity and facing margin pressure, I want to deliver genuinely helpful and outcome-focused interactions, so I can differentiate our service and retain clients.

The traditional focus on efficiency metrics like AHT commoditizes call centre services, leading to 'Shrinking Demand for Basic Services' (MD01: 3/5) and 'Sustained Margin Pressure' (MD03: 3/5), failing to address the true customer need for comprehensive issue resolution.

Success metrics
  • First Call Resolution (FCR) rate increase
  • Customer Satisfaction (CSAT) score increase
  • Client contract renewal rate
functional 4/10

When customers contact us with routine inquiries, I want to ensure their calls are handled quickly and accurately, so I can maintain operational efficiency and meet basic service level agreements.

While efficiency is a baseline expectation, over-optimizing for it can lead to 'Cultural Friction & Normative Misalignment' (CS01: 4/5) if quality or customer understanding is sacrificed, but core processes are generally mature.

Success metrics
  • Average Handling Time (AHT) reduction
  • Call abandonment rate decrease
  • Error rate per interaction decrease
emotional Underserved 9/10

When I invest in external call centre services, I want to feel confident that my customers' complex issues are thoroughly and permanently resolved, so I can protect my brand reputation and minimize downstream complaints.

Despite efforts, the 'intangibility' (PM03: 4/5) of service makes it hard for clients to trust that deep, lasting solutions are provided, leading to concerns about 'Market Obsolescence & Substitution Risk' (MD01: 3/5) if customer perception of resolution is low.

Success metrics
  • Customer re-contact rate for same issue decrease
  • Net Promoter Score (NPS) for problem resolution increase
  • Client service level agreement (SLA) adherence rate for complex cases
functional Underserved 8/10

When agents encounter non-standard customer problems, I want them to have the knowledge, tools, and authority to provide a complete solution, so they feel empowered and deliver superior outcomes.

Traditional script-based approaches limit agents' ability to address nuanced issues, contributing to 'Demographic Dependency & Workforce Elasticity' (CS08: 4/5) through higher turnover and lower morale, hindering genuine problem resolution.

Success metrics
  • Agent turnover rate decrease
  • Employee Satisfaction (ESAT) score increase
  • Agent First Call Resolution (FCR) rate increase
social Underserved 9/10

When engaging with enterprise clients, I want our call centre to be seen as a strategic partner adding value beyond mere cost savings, so we can secure higher-value contracts and grow our business.

The industry's 'Structural Market Saturation' (MD08: 4/5) and 'Sustained Margin Pressure' (MD03: 3/5) mean being viewed merely as a cost center, preventing deeper 'Structural Intermediation & Value-Chain Depth' (MD05: 4/5) and collaborative growth.

Success metrics
  • Revenue per client increase
  • Client retention rate for high-value services
  • Proportion of contracts with value-based pricing
functional 5/10

When handling sensitive customer data and interactions, I want to ensure all processes comply with privacy regulations and ethical guidelines, so I can avoid legal penalties and reputational damage.

Adhering to 'Ethical/Religious Compliance Rigidity' (CS04: 4/5) is a non-negotiable baseline, but requires continuous, often manual effort to prevent issues and maintain integrity, impacting 'Cultural Friction' (CS01: 4/5) if not seamlessly integrated.

Success metrics
  • Compliance audit pass rate
  • Data breach incidents decrease
  • Regulatory fine count decrease
emotional Underserved 9/10

When facing rapid technological shifts and evolving customer expectations, I want to feel confident that our call centre's capabilities are future-proofed, so I can ensure long-term business viability.

The constant threat of 'Market Obsolescence & Substitution Risk' (MD01: 3/5) creates anxiety, compounded by the lack of clear pathways for leveraging new technologies (e.g., AI, automation) to maintain relevance and secure investment returns.

Success metrics
  • New technology adoption rate
  • Customer experience (CX) innovation index
  • Percentage of revenue from new service offerings
functional Underserved 8/10

When traditional call volumes decline or margins shrink, I want to identify and develop new, high-value service offerings, so I can diversify revenue streams and secure future growth.

'Shrinking Demand for Basic Services' (MD01: 3/5) and 'Sustained Margin Pressure' (MD03: 3/5) necessitate innovation, but 'Structural Market Saturation' (MD08: 4/5) makes it hard to identify truly unique and profitable value propositions.

Success metrics
  • Number of new service lines launched
  • Revenue growth from new services
  • Average contract value increase
social Underserved 7/10

When interacting with customers from diverse backgrounds, I want our agents to be perceived as empathetic and culturally sensitive, so we can foster trust and avoid 'Cultural Friction' or negative sentiment.

'Cultural Friction & Normative Misalignment' (CS01: 4/5) can lead to poor customer experiences and negative brand perception, exacerbated by the intangible nature of service (PM03: 4/5) if miscommunication occurs.

Success metrics
  • Customer sentiment analysis (empathy scores)
  • Diversity & Inclusion training completion rate
  • Complaint rate related to cultural insensitivity decrease
emotional Underserved 7/10

When facing staffing shortages or high agent turnover, I want to feel confident in our ability to attract, train, and retain a high-quality workforce, so we can consistently meet service demands.

'Demographic Dependency & Workforce Elasticity' (CS08: 4/5) makes it challenging to maintain a stable, skilled workforce, leading to constant operational stress and direct impact on service quality and 'Sustained Margin Pressure' (MD03: 3/5).

Success metrics
  • Agent retention rate increase
  • Time-to-fill agent positions decrease
  • Agent skill proficiency scores increase

Strategic Overview

The Activities of call centres industry is at a critical juncture, facing challenges such as "Shrinking Demand for Basic Services" (MD01) and "Sustained Margin Pressure" (MD03). Traditional call centre models, focused on transactional interactions and efficiency metrics like Average Handling Time (AHT), are becoming commoditized and struggle to differentiate. The Jobs to be Done (JTBD) framework offers a powerful lens to transcend this by shifting the focus from what customers ask to why they ask it – understanding the functional, emotional, and social 'job' they are truly trying to accomplish.

Applying JTBD allows call centres to innovate beyond basic script adherence and reactive problem-solving. By deeply understanding the customer's desired outcome, call centres can redesign services, empower agents with broader problem-solving capabilities, and even proactively anticipate needs. This approach not only enhances customer satisfaction and reduces churn (CS01) but also creates opportunities for higher-value service offerings, mitigating the "Pressure on Pricing and Margins" (MD01) and addressing the "Talent Reskilling Imperative" (MD01) by training agents for complex problem resolution rather than simple information delivery.

4 strategic insights for this industry

1

Beyond the Transaction: Uncovering True Customer Needs

Customers call not just to 'get an answer' but to 'resolve an issue permanently,' 'feel heard and understood,' or 'gain confidence in a complex process.' JTBD helps identify these deeper functional, emotional, and social 'jobs,' which are often missed by traditional query-based metrics. For instance, the job might be 'feel secure about my financial data' rather than 'reset my password.'

2

Agent Empowerment and Reskilling for Outcome-Oriented Service

Moving from script adherence to outcome-oriented problem-solving empowers agents, transforming them from information conduits to 'job helpers.' This addresses the 'Talent Reskilling Imperative' (MD01) by developing agents who can diagnose underlying problems and offer holistic solutions, significantly improving First Contact Resolution (FCR) for the customer's true job.

3

Innovation in Service Offerings and Channel Strategy

Understanding jobs-to-be-done allows call centres to design new services or optimize existing channels. If the 'job' is 'get help quickly after an incident,' a mobile self-service tool or proactive outbound communication might be more effective than waiting for a call, reducing inbound volume for basic issues and allowing agents to focus on complex jobs. This creates new revenue streams and enhances differentiation (MD07).

4

Shifting Performance Metrics from Efficiency to Efficacy

Traditional metrics like AHT can conflict with completing a customer's true job. JTBD encourages measuring success by 'job success rate,' 'customer effort to complete job,' and 'prevention of future related jobs,' aligning performance with actual customer value and addressing 'Inaccurate Performance Benchmarking' (PM01).

Prioritized actions for this industry

high Priority

Conduct deep qualitative JTBD research with end-customers and clients.

This involves ethnographic studies, in-depth interviews, and observation to uncover the functional, emotional, and social 'jobs' customers are trying to get done when interacting with or needing services from a call centre. This provides foundational insights to redesign service delivery and identify new opportunities.

Addresses Challenges
Tool support available: Capsule CRM HubSpot See recommended tools ↓
medium Priority

Redesign agent training and performance incentives around 'job completion' and customer outcomes.

Shift agent training from script adherence and AHT to understanding the customer's 'job' and ensuring its complete, empathetic resolution. Incentivize agents based on metrics like 'job success rate' or 'prevention of repeat contacts' rather than purely efficiency-driven KPIs. This addresses the 'Talent Reskilling Imperative' (MD01) and 'Ineffective Incentive Programs' (PM01).

Addresses Challenges
Tool support available: Capsule CRM HubSpot See recommended tools ↓
medium Priority

Develop and pilot new service offerings or channel strategies tailored to specific unmet 'jobs'.

Based on JTBD insights, identify gaps where current services fail to fully satisfy a 'job.' This could lead to proactive outreach programs, integrated omnichannel solutions for specific complex jobs, or specialized BPO services that deliver a complete solution rather than just answering a query. This differentiates the offering and creates new value, addressing 'Declining Demand for Traditional Services' (MD08).

Addresses Challenges
Tool support available: Capsule CRM HubSpot See recommended tools ↓
high Priority

Integrate JTBD principles into technology adoption and automation strategies.

When considering AI, RPA, or self-service tools, evaluate them based on their ability to help customers 'get their job done' more effectively or with less effort, rather than merely reducing human interaction. This ensures technology investments truly enhance the customer experience and deliver measurable value, mitigating 'High Investment in Transformation' (MD08).

Addresses Challenges
Tool support available: Capsule CRM HubSpot See recommended tools ↓

From quick wins to long-term transformation

Quick Wins (0-3 months)
  • Conduct initial JTBD workshops with senior management and key client stakeholders to shift mindset.
  • Map current customer journeys from a 'job' perspective, identifying friction points.
  • Pilot a new agent coaching module focused on 'job success' for a specific call type.
Medium Term (3-12 months)
  • Roll out redesigned agent training programs across teams, focusing on empathy and root cause analysis.
  • Implement new feedback mechanisms (e.g., post-interaction surveys asking 'Did you achieve your goal?').
  • Develop one or two pilot 'job-oriented' service bundles or integrated digital solutions.
Long Term (1-3 years)
  • Foster a company-wide culture where all product, service, and technology decisions are evaluated through a JTBD lens.
  • Restructure service lines and organizational units around specific customer 'jobs' rather than functional departments.
  • Establish continuous JTBD research cycles to identify evolving customer needs and opportunities.
Common Pitfalls
  • Superficial application: Treating JTBD as a buzzword without deep qualitative research.
  • Resistance to change: Agents or management clinging to traditional efficiency metrics.
  • Over-focus on functional jobs: Neglecting emotional and social 'jobs' that drive customer loyalty.
  • Lack of leadership buy-in: Without executive sponsorship, the cultural shift required will fail.

Measuring strategic progress

Metric Description Target Benchmark
Job Completion Rate Percentage of customer interactions where the underlying 'job' was fully and satisfactorily completed. Industry average FCR + 10-15% for complex jobs.
Customer Effort Score (CES) Measures the perceived effort required by the customer to get their job done. Score of 1.0-2.0 on a 7-point scale (where 1 is 'very low effort').
Net Promoter Score (NPS) - Outcome-based NPS specifically asked after a critical 'job' has been completed, reflecting satisfaction with the outcome. Increase by 5-10 points year-over-year for critical jobs.
Repeat Contact Rate (for same job) Frequency at which customers contact the call centre again for the exact same underlying 'job' within a specified period. Reduction by 15-20%.
Agent Job Success Rating Internal metric of agent's ability to identify and help customers complete their true jobs, based on peer/supervisor review and customer feedback. Average rating of 4 out of 5 stars.